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Teodor
Kracun
Carved Baroque
Iconostasis
Old Serbian
Church -1775
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In the XVIII century Mitrovica was not an
important artistic center considering the immediate proximity of Sremski
Karlovci, seat of the Metropolitan, where the artists of that time gathered
to work the needs of churches on the territory of the archbishopric. In the
second half of the XVIII century, the old church of St. Stephen's obtained a
richly carved baroque iconostasis, work of an anonymous master, with the
paintings by Teodor Kracun, the most renowned artist of the baroque painting
in Vojvodina. In the beginning of the XIX century there was effected the
decoration of the newly built churches, Catholic and Orthodox. The altar
paintings in the Catholic church were made in 1812 by Arsa Teodorovic, the
representative of the classicism in the art of Vojvodina. In the same year
Marko Vujatovic completed the carvings on the iconostasis and the paintings
on the iconostasis were finished three years later by Arsa Teodorovic.In the
first half of the XIX century there worked at Mitrovica also some local
masters, such as the self-taught painter Lazar Stajic Toskovic and his son
Jovan who had begun to study painting, but died young as a student of the Art
Academy in Vienna.
From both these artists there remained a
few paintings of religious character. In addition to those artists who worked
for churches, at Mitrovica are to be found in the course of the XIX century
also the masters of the profane painting. From among the renowned artists who
made portraits of the members of well-to-do families of Mitrovica, ought to
be mentioned Nikola Aleksic, Pavle Simic and Novak Radonic. In addition to
the artists from Vojvodina there are to be met with at Mitrovica axso the
painter from Osijek Franja Gifinger and the famous artist from Zagreb Ferdo
Quiquerez.
Mirjana LEŠEK
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Frescos
from the Hopovo Monastery XVIII century
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MITROVICA DURING THE INTER-WAR YEARS
This contribution present the
past of the town between the two wars After the World War I, Sremska Mitrovica
came within the frontiers of the Kingdom
of Serbians, Croats and
Slovenes. In the new State, the bourgeoisie class did not avail itself
of the possibilities for the economic and communal development, but rather
wasted its forces in inter party struggles and, consequently, the town
stagnated in all respects. Towards the middle of May 1919 was formed the
organization of the Communist Party which was exceptionally active in the
course of the first years after the war, when there were organized great
strikes and socialist manifestations. After the activity of the Communist
Party had been forbidden, the communists went underground and developed their
activity within the framework of workers' syndicate organizations (trade
unions). In the inter war years the town became renowned for its Penitentiary
and the struggle carried on by the communist prisoners. In 1933 there were
247 imprisoned communists. In this prison were translated into Serbo-Croat
language the Capital and other works of Marxist literature. The communist
prisoners have established in the Penitentiary a Party school with five
chairs and a rector at the bead. Further, there have been issued there
several newspapers and reviews. The workers' movement in the town was the
most powerful from 1936 to the World War II. After a series of successful
strikes the workers organized, on the 11th of December 1940 great
demonstrations, asking for the improvement of their economical situation and
claiming political rights.
Radomir PRICA
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